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Plant library

Grow guides, plant by plant

Nineteen common garden plants with the same practical detail for each: when to plant, sunlight, soil, watering, spacing, common problems, harvesting and beginner tips.

Showing 19 of 19 plants

Vegetable

Tomatoes

The crop most people start a garden for.

Sun
Full sun — six to eight hours or more. Fruit ripening slows noticeably in part shade.
Spacing
18–24 in (45–60 cm) between plants, with 30–36 in (75–90 cm) between rows so air can move through the foliage.

Vegetable

Peppers

Slow to start, then steady all summer.

Sun
Full sun, six to eight hours, ideally against a warm wall or fence.
Spacing
16–18 in (40–45 cm) apart, or one plant per large pot.

Vegetable

Cucumbers

Fast, thirsty and very productive.

Sun
Full sun, six to eight hours.
Spacing
12–18 in (30–45 cm) apart when trellised; 24–36 in (60–90 cm) for bush types allowed to sprawl.

Vegetable

Lettuce

The quickest way to eat something you grew.

Sun
Four to six hours. Some afternoon shade is helpful in summer heat.
Spacing
6–10 in (15–25 cm) apart for heads; leaf types can be sown more thickly and thinned as you eat.

Vegetable

Carrots

Straight roots come from loose soil.

Sun
Six hours of sun suits them; they tolerate a little less.
Spacing
Thin seedlings to about 2 in (5 cm) apart; crowded carrots stay thin.

Vegetable

Green Beans

Reliable, generous and beginner-proof.

Sun
Full sun, six to eight hours.
Spacing
4–6 in (10–15 cm) between plants; pole beans need a sturdy support at least 6 ft (2 m) tall.

Vegetable

Zucchini

One healthy plant can produce generously.

Sun
Full sun, six to eight hours.
Spacing
32–40 in (80–100 cm) apart — the plants get much bigger than the seedling suggests.

Vegetable

Radishes

Sown one weekend, eaten a few weeks later.

Sun
Four to six hours.
Spacing
1–2 in (3–5 cm) apart. Thin early; crowded radishes make leaves instead of roots.

Flower

Sunflowers

Big, fast and hard to get wrong.

Sun
Full sun — they lean toward the brightest side if shaded.
Spacing
12–18 in (30–45 cm) apart, more for very large varieties.

Flower

Marigolds

Compact color that keeps going.

Sun
Full sun.
Spacing
8–10 in (20–25 cm) apart for compact varieties.

Flower

Zinnias

Cut them and they flower more.

Sun
Full sun.
Spacing
10–12 in (25–30 cm) apart for good airflow.

Flower

Cosmos

Airy, generous and happy in poor soil.

Sun
Full sun.
Spacing
12–18 in (30–45 cm) apart.

Flower

Lavender

A woody perennial that hates wet ft.

Sun
Full sun, as much as you can give it.
Spacing
18–24 in (45–60 cm) apart to allow the plant to fill out.

Herb

Basil

Pinch it often and it thrives.

Sun
Six or more hours of sun; a bright, sheltered spot indoors also works.
Spacing
8–12 in (20–30 cm) apart.

Herb

Mint

Vigorous — give it its own pot.

Sun
Four to six hours; mint tolerates part shade better than most herbs.
Spacing
Its own container, or a pot sunk into the bed to limit spread.

Herb

Rosemary

Sun, grit, and very little water.

Sun
Six or more hours of full sun.
Spacing
24–36 in (60–90 cm) apart in the ground, as plants become shrubby.

Herb

Thyme

Low, tough and drought-tolerant.

Sun
Six or more hours of sun.
Spacing
10–12 in (25–30 cm) apart; plants spread outward over time.

Herb

Cilantro

Fast, short-lived, best sown in batches.

Sun
Four to six hours; afternoon shade helps in summer.
Spacing
6–8 in (15–20 cm) apart, or sow thickly and cut as young leaves.

Herb

Parsley

Slow to start, then reliable for months.

Sun
Four to six hours.
Spacing
8–10 in (20–25 cm) apart.

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